New research project on the intelligent management of solar peak loads
From Australia to Baden-Württemberg
An alternative to zero feed-in and fixed limits
The Solar Peak Act has been in force in Germany for a year, imposing a fixed feed-in limit of 60 per cent for new solar power systems, provided that active control is not possible. Consequently, new photovoltaic systems must be controllable or will only be able to feed electricity into the grid to a limited extent. Furthermore, some grid operators in certain grid areas are currently only permitted, for a limited period, to allow zero feed-in from new photovoltaic systems, as too many generation sources are already connected to the electricity supply grid and grid expansion is still ongoing. ‘Flexible export limits’ offer a practical alternative here: the actual feed-in is continuously measured and can be specifically controlled. This allows existing grids to be utilised more effectively without the need for immediate expansion.
This solution is an exemplary implementation of the flexible grid connection agreements provided for in the Renewable Energy Sources Act (Section 8a EEG 2023) and is regarded internationally, particularly in Australia, as a pioneer in modern feed-in management for domestic rooftop systems.
What the project is researching
As part of the FLEXSolar-BW project, a technical platform based on international standards is being developed at the THU. It will be integrated into German control technology, for example via smart meter gateways and specialised CLS control boxes. Interfaces to the control systems of distribution system operators are also being created.
The new solutions are being tested both in the laboratory and in real-world operations, in collaboration with households and various inverter manufacturers. The research is examining the technical, economic and legal benefits arising from ‘flexible export limits’. The results are intended to be incorporated into national regulations, standards and legislative developments at a later stage, thereby helping to reduce costs for consumers and grid operators and, in the long term, reducing the need for expensive grid expansion investments.
Key partners in the FLEXSolar-BW project are distribution system operators, who will benefit from the flexible feed-in limits. The team has already secured Stadtwerke Ulm/Neu-Ulm Netze GmbH, as well as the companies advalju, VIVAVIS, PSI and SunSpec Allianz, as project partners. Other distribution system operators in Baden-Württemberg are invited to contact the University of Applied Sciences if they are interested in participating in the project.
“With FLEXSolar-BW, we are demonstrating that solar peaks do not generally need to be curtailed. Instead of rigid limits, we are focusing on smart solutions that have proven their worth in everyday life – as in Australia. This benefits both residents with solar installations and the electricity grids as a whole,” says project leader Professor Gerd Heilscher, summarising the advantages of the new research project.
Baden-Württemberg’s Minister for Energy, Thekla Walker, emphasises: “As a centre of research, Baden-Württemberg is actively seeking innovative solutions to ensure the efficient utilisation of our energy infrastructure. The ‘FLEXSolar-BW’ research project at Ulm University of Applied Sciences shows us that solar power from rooftops does not need to be subject to blanket limits. Feed-in can be flexibly adapted to the current situation in the electricity grid. This will enable us to press ahead with the expansion of PV and prepare ourselves for moving away from fossil fuel imports.”
Strong research environment at Ulm University of Applied Sciences
FLEXSolar-BW is led by the Smart Grid Research Group at the Institute of Energy Technology and Energy Economics (IEE) at Ulm University of Technology. This is where the university concentrates its research into sustainable energy systems. Around 15 professors and more than 40 research staff work together here in an interdisciplinary manner.
The Smart Grid Laboratory and the THU Energy Park play a special role. This unique combination of laboratory and practical environments makes it possible not only to develop new solutions in theory, but also to test them directly in real-world operation – for example, in the interaction between solar installations, battery storage systems, electric vehicles or heat pumps.
Through close international links, the THU brings tried-and-tested solutions from Australia to Baden-Württemberg, thereby strengthening the state’s position as a centre of innovation in the field of sustainable energy systems.